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Good Moral Character (GMC) is a key requirement for U.S. naturalization and certain immigration benefits. USCIS uses GMC to assess an applicant’s trustworthiness, ethical behavior, and adherence to U.S. laws. Failing to meet this requirement can result in a denial of citizenship.
In this guide, we’ll explain how USCIS evaluates GMC, common disqualifications, and how to prove eligibility.
Not sure if you meet the GMC requirement?
USCIS determines Good Moral Character on a case-by-case basis, reviewing an applicant’s:
✅ Criminal history (arrests, convictions, and expungements).
✅ Compliance with tax laws and financial responsibilities.
✅ Honesty in immigration applications and USCIS interviews.
✅ Community contributions and behavior over time.
⦁ Most applicants: GMC is reviewed for 5 years before filing Form N-400.
⦁ Spouses of U.S. citizens: GMC is reviewed for 3 years before filing.
⦁ Certain applicants (e.g., military members): May have shorter or longer review periods.
🚨 Important: Even conduct before the review period can impact GMC if USCIS believes it reflects ongoing character concerns.
USCIS considers any criminal activity within the review period.
🚫 Permanent Bars to GMC (Automatic Citizenship Denial):
❌ Murder or aggravated felonies (drug trafficking, rape, sexual abuse of a minor, fraud over $10,000).
🚫 Temporary Bars to GMC (Can Apply Later):
❌ DUI (Driving Under the Influence) – Multiple offenses may impact GMC.
❌ Drug possession (except one-time marijuana possession under 30g).
❌ Fraud, theft, or violent misdemeanors.
⦁ Unpaid federal or state taxes can result in denial of citizenship.
⦁ Failure to pay court-ordered child support can also impact GMC.
⦁ Solution: Provide IRS tax transcripts and proof of payment plans before applying.
⦁ Misrepresentation on visa, green card, or citizenship applications is a serious violation.
⦁ Examples of fraud:
❌ Fake marriage claims for immigration benefits.
❌ Using false documents or misrepresenting past crimes.
❌ Lying during the naturalization interview.
🚨 Important: USCIS may permanently deny citizenship and even revoke a green card for fraud.
⦁ Multiple DUI arrests or substance abuse issues can be grounds for denial.
⦁ USCIS may request rehabilitation proof, such as:
✔ Alcohol counseling program completion.
✔ Drug treatment program participation.
✔ Clean record since the last offense.
⦁ Engaging in or profiting from illegal gambling or prostitution can result in denial of citizenship.
⦁ USCIS may request court records or affidavits proving a clean history.
Need help proving Good Moral Character?
If an applicant has prior GMC issues, they may still qualify by demonstrating rehabilitation, such as:
✔ Evidence of changed behavior (clean record for several years).
✔ Community service & employment history.
✔ Positive character references from employers or religious leaders.
⦁ Expungements do NOT always erase GMC concerns.
⦁ A full pardon may help, but USCIS still evaluates the nature of the crime.
⦁ If a GMC issue recently occurred, waiting until the issue is outside the 3–5-year review period may improve approval chances.
⦁ Court & Criminal Records – Provide evidence of dismissed charges or completed sentences.
⦁ IRS Tax Transcripts – Show proof of tax compliance or payment plans.
⦁ Affidavits from Employers & Community Members – Letters attesting to good character.
⦁ Proof of Rehabilitation – Documentation of counseling, education, or restitution efforts.
Need help preparing evidence?
At Benach, Pitney, & Reilly Immigration, we assist applicants in:
✔Evaluating GMC risks before filing for citizenship.
✔ Preparing strong evidence to demonstrate rehabilitation.
✔ Resolving tax and child support issues before filing Form N-400.
✔ Challenging denials and appealing USCIS decisions.
⦁ Personalized Strategy: Each case receives a tailored approach based on specific circumstances.
⦁ Proven Track Record: Success in uniting families through immigration solutions.
⦁ Clear Communication: Regular updates and transparency throughout the legal process.
⦁ Dedicated Advocacy: Persistent efforts to achieve favorable case outcomes.
Immigration matters require informed decisions and timely action. Professional legal guidance ensures a smooth and efficient process. Secure an opportunity to discuss case-specific needs and explore the best path forward.